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Sunday 28 August 2016

SST Chapter 3 (Natural Vegetation and Wild life)

Class VIII

Chapter 3 (Natural Vegetation and Wild life)

Class Test

Fill in the blanks:

_________ varies from region to region due to the difference in temperature and moisture.

There is a close relationship between the _____ and the _____.
______ grow where temperature and rainfall are plentiful to support a tree cover.
Monkeys and langoors are found in the ____
_____ grasslands occur on either side of the equator and extend till the tropics.

Multiple Choice Questions:

A change in height changes the______

Climate
Natural Vegetation
Both a and b
None of the above

_____ forests are also called Taiga.

Coniferous
Tropical Evergreen
Tropical Deciduous
Temperate Deciduous

The following forest type does not have much wildlife ___

Coniferous
Mediterranean
Tropical Deciduous
Temperate Deciduous

The Arctic owl is found in _____

Temperate Grasslands
Tropical Grasslands
Tundra Vegetation
Coniferous Forests

SST Chapter 2 (Natural Resource: Land, Soil and Water)

Class VIII: Chapter 2 (Natural Resource: Land, Soil and Water)

Class Test

Q1. What is land use? List the factors which control the utilization of land.

Q2. What are soil horizons? Explain the various soil horizons present in a soil profile.

Q3. Discuss the agricultural practices that can be adopted for soil conservation.

Q4. What are the factors responsible for the shortage of freshwater?

Q5. How can we conserve land resources?

Q6. Discuss any four methods of soil conservation.

Q7. Explain the different methods to conserve water resource.

SCIENCE MICROORGANISIM- FRIENDS OR FOES NOTES

DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL, SECTOR-VI, DWARKA

NOTES

CLASS – VIII

MICROORGANISIM- FRIENDS OR FOES

What are Microorganisms?

Tiny organisms , microscopic, living, single-celled organisms which can’t be seen with unaided eye.

Micro-organisms are of great importance to the human health , to environment, and to our economy.There are useful as well as harmful microorganisms.

Why microorganisms are called microorganisms ?

Microorganisms can’t be seen with unaided eye .To see microorganisms we need microscopes and in some cases magnifying glass that is why microorganisms are called microorganisms .

Microorganisms are categorized into four major groups .

Four groups in which microorganism are grouped a Fungi, Bacteria, Algae and Protozoa.

Viruses

Viruses- Viruses consist of genetic materials (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protective coat of protein.

Viruses are microscopic and too small to be seen by the naked eye.

Viruses can't multiply on their own they reproduce only inside host organism,host may be plants animals or bacterium.

Viruses consist of genetic materials (DNA or RNA)

Virus is inactive when outside the host organism and become active inside host organisms.

Human diseases which are caused by viruses include:

 Smallpox

 The common cold

 Measles

 Chickenpox

 Hepatitis

 Influenza

 Polio

 Rabies

 HIV (the virus that causes AIDS)

 SARS (Severe acute respiratory syndrome)

 Dengue

Diseases caused by bacteria

Cholera,

Typhoid Fever,

Tuberculosis(TB),

Leprosy (Hansen's Disease) ,

SYPHILIS ETC

Diseases caused by protozoa(Protozoans)

Malaria

Giardiasis

Trichomoniasis

Sleeping Sickness

Dysentery

Amoebiasis

Habitats of microorganisms

Microorganisms live in all place which you know .

Microorganisms live in extreme conditions where we can’t live ranging from hot springs to ice cold climate and from marshy lands to deserts.

Microorganism even live in human body .

Some microorganisms are beneficial for us and some microorganism are harmful for us,plants and animals.

Benefits of Microorganisms to Humans

Uses of microorganisms

Friendly microorganisms

Friendly microorganisms are useful for us because they helps in cleaning environment by degrading dead and decay substances,microorganisms are used in increasing soil fertility.microorganism are used in making cake, bread and curd etc

Making curd and Bread

Lactobacillus Bacteria helps in the formation of curd from milk.

How milk is converted into curd ?

Lactobacillus denatures the structure of protein casein present in milk by producing Lactic acid it destroys the tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins thus globular protein is converted into fibrous protein which gives thick textures to the milk due to the coagulation of proteins.

By this process milk is converted into curd.

Bacteria help in making cheese

Bacteria convert the natural sugars in milk (lactose) into lactic acid. Different flavor of the milk is due to the different types of bacteria used.

Bacteria also helps in making pickles and other food products.

Yeast (fungi –one of the group of microorganisms)

Uses of microorganisms,yeast in making cakes, breads, pastries in baking industry.

Bakers add yeast to dough ,yeast reproduces very fast and produces carbon dioxide during respiration.Bubles of the gas produced fills the dough and increases its volume.

Commercial use of Microorganisms.

Commercially microorganisms are used for making wine ,alcohol and acetic acid(vinegar).

Wine and Alcohol are commercially produced by using Yeast (Fungi).

Microorganism yeast is grown on natural sugars present in crushed fruit juices,wheat,barley,rice etc and by the process of fermentation yeast convert sugars into alcohols.

Fermentation-the process of conversion of sugars into alcohol is known as fermentation.

Medicinal use of microorganisms

What is antibiotic?

Antibiotics -Antibiotics are a group of medicines that are used to treat

infections caused by bacteria and certain parasites.

Antibiotics are produced by the uses of bacteria.

Examples of antibiotics-Tetracycline,Streptomycin,erythromycin, Doripenem, Daptomycin, Clarithromycin, Penicillin G, Penicillin V etc

Uses of microorganisms in Increasing soil fertility

Bacteria (Biological nitrogen fixers)like blue green algae fixes atmospheric nitrogen and convert it in other forms of nitrogen that is used by plants thus it enrich soils with nitrogen and increases the soil fertility.

Uses of microorganisms in Cleaning Environment

Microorganism converts dead and decaying parts of plants and animals into manure by decomposing them into simple substance.Thus the microorganism clean up the environment.

Harmful microorganisms

Microorganisms which are not good for us are called harmful microorganisms.

Microorganisms causes disease in animals ,human beings and plants therefore they are also called pathogens.

Pathogens-Disease-causing microorganisms are called pathogens.

Diseases causing microorganisms in Humans

Pathogens presents everywhere. Pathogens transferred into our body from air, water and food or by direct contact with infected person or animal.

Malaria-Female anopheles mosquito carries parasite of malaria.

Dengue virus-Female Aedes mosquito acts as carrier of Dengue virus.

Science Microorgnisms Assignment

DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL, SECTOR-VI, DWARKA

ASSIGNMENT

CLASS – VIII

MICROORGANISIM- FRIENDS OR FOES

Q1. What are micro-organisms?

Q2. Write a short note on viruses.

Q3. Write a note on presence of various microbes in nature.

Q4. How are micro-organisms beneficial to mankind?

Q5. Why are chidren given vaccines?

Q6. How do micro-organisms help in cleaning up of the environment?

Q7. Write a note on harmful micro-organisms.

Q8. What are the various methods of food preservation?

Q9. What is pasteurization?

Q10. Discuss symbiotic relationship of rhizobium with plants

Q11. Discuss nitrogen cycle occurring in nature.

12. Tick the correct option:

1. The yeast multiply by a process called

(a) Binary fission (b) Budding

2. The example of protozoan is

(a) Penicillium (b) Blue green algae

3. The most common carrier of communicable diseases is

(a) Ant (b) Housefly

4. The following is an antibiotics

(a) Alcohol (b) Yeast

5. Yeast produces alcohol and carbon dioxide by a process called

(a) Evaporation (b) Respiration

6. The algae commonly used as fertilizers are called

(a) Staphylococcus (b) Diatoms

7. Cholera is caused by

(a) Bacteria (b) Virus

8. Plant disease citrus canker is caused by

(a) Virus (b) Fungi

9. The bread dough rises because of

(a) Kneading (b) Heat

10. Carrier of dengue virus is

(a) House fly (b) Dragon fly

11. Yeast is used in the production of

(a) Sugar (b) Alcohol

12. The vaccine for smallpox was discovered by

(a) Robert Koch (b) Alexander Fleming

13. Chickenpox is caused by

(a) Virus (b) Fungi

14. The bacterium which promote the formation of curd

(a) Rhizobium (b) Spirogyra

15.Plasmodium is a human parasite which causes

(a) dysentery (b) Sleeping sickness

16. The bacterium Bacillus Anthracis was discovered by

(a) Edward Jenner (b) Alexander Fleming

17. Carrier of malaria causing protozoan is

(a) Butterfly (b) Housefly

18. The process of conversion of sugar into alcohol is called

(a) Infection (b) Moulding

19. Foot and mouth disease of cattle is caused by

(a) Fungi (b) Virus

20. Which of the following is not a fungi

(a) Paramecium (b) Bread mould

13. Write the contributions of the following:

A. Louis Pasteur B. Edward Jenner C. Alexander Fleming D. Robert Koch

14. Define:

A. Microbes B. Pathogens C. Nitrogen Fixation

D. Pasteurization E. Preservatives F. Carriers G. Fermentation

15. Give two uses of microorganisms in the following areas:

i) Food Industry ii) Medicinal Use iii) Environment related

16. Give an activity to show the process of fermentation?

17. List few differences between Antibiotics and Antibodies?

18. List some harmful effects of microorganism?

19. How can we control the spread of diseases caused by mosquitoes?

20.Why does sugar solution with yeast powder become alcoholic in taste?

Science CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS ASSIGNMENT

DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL, SECTOR-VI, DWARKA

CLASS VIII

CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS

ASSIGNMENT

Q1: Differentiate between the following:
(a) Wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve

(b) Zoo and wildlife sanctuary

(c) Endangered and extinct species

(d) Flora and fauna

Q2. Discuss the effects of deforestation on the following:
(a) Wild animals
(b) Environment
(c) Villages (Rural areas)
(d) Cities (Urban areas)
(e) Earth
(f) The next generation

Q3. What will happen if:
(a) we go on cutting trees.
(b) the habitat of an animal is disturbed.
(c) the top layer of soil is exposed.

Q4. Answer in brief:
(a) Why should we conserve biodiversity?
(b) Protected forests are also not completely safe for wild animals. Why?
(c) Some tribals depend on the jungle. How?
(d) What are the causes and consequences of deforestation?
(e) What is Red Data Book?
(f) What do you understand by the term migration?

Q5. How can you contribute to the maintenance of green wealth of your locality? Make a list of actions to be taken by you.

Q6. Explain how deforestation leads to reduced rainfall.

Q7. Why should paper be saved? Prepare a list of ways by which you can save paper.

Q8: Why is there need for conservation of wildlife?

Maths Profit and loss Assignment

ASSIGNMENT

Q1. On what price is discount calculated?

Q2. Joy bought pens at $ 120 a dozen. He sold it for $ 15 each. What is

his profit percent?

Q3. Simi bought a study table for $ 9000. She sold it at a profit of 20%.

How much profit did she make? What is the selling price?

Q4. Marshall bought 20 refills and sold them at $ 4 each. If it had cost

$50 for the refills, what was his profit or loss percent?

Q5. Find the M.P. if the S.P. is Rs. 1800 after allowing a discount of

20%.

Q6. The price of an air conditioner was reduced from Rs. 2700 to

Rs.2400.Find the rate of discount.

Q7. The price of a toaster is Rs. 2240including VATat 12%.Find the

original price of the toaster.

Q8. For how much should a shopkeeper sell a book to gain 30% ,if he

gains 20% by selling it for Rs. 258.

Q9. At a sale , all goods are at 4.5% discount. If Reena buys a shirt

marked Rs. 600, how much she has to pay.

Q10. Veena sold two of her scooters for Rs. 2000 each. On one she

made a gain of 5% and on the other a loss of 10%. Find the overall

gain or loss percent.

Q11. A fruit seller makes a profit of 25% by selling apples at the rate of 5

for Rs. 125 . What profit or loss percent will he make if he sold the

apples at 6 fruits for Rs.132.

Q12. A man sold an article at 10% profit. Had it been sold for Rs. 50

more, he would gained 15 %. Find the cost price of the article.

PRACTISE EXERCISE

Q1. If the cost price of 10 pens is equal to the selling price of 8 pens ,

find the gain or loss percent.

Q2. If a bike dealer sells a bike for Rs. 67680, he will lose 6%. For what

amount should he sell it so as to gain 6%.

Q3. A vendor bought oranges at 20 for Rs. 56 and sold them at Rs. 35

per dozen . Find his gain or loss percent.

Q4. The price of a car is Rs. 3,64,000 in Delhi and Rs. 3,77,000 in

Chennai. If the price of car without VAT tax is Rs.3,25,000.Calculate

the rate of VAT in the two cities.

Q5. A dealer bought an almirah for Rs. 200. After allowing a discount of

20% on the M.P. he earns a profit of 25% . Find the marked price of

the almirah.

Q6. A furniture dealer marks his furniture 40% above the cost price , and

offers a festival discount of 15%. Find his gain percent.

Q7. Ravi visits a Departmental store and purchases the following items :

(i) 2 watches for Rs.350 each, VAT @ 12%

(ii) 2 shirts for Rs. 275 each, VAT @ 10%

(iii) 2pairs of jeans for Rs. 450 each, VAT @ 8%.

Calculate the total amount of bill.

Q8. A shopkeepermarks his goods at such a price that after allowing a

discount of 16%, he makes a profit of 20%. What is the marked price

of a shirt whose cost price is Rs. 210.

Q9. Sameer sold a bicycle at a profit of 10%. Had he sold it for Rs. 150

more the profit would have been 15% Find the C.P. of the bicycle.

Q10. Diya bought two chocolates for Rs. 40. By selling them, she earns

aprofit of 15% on one and loses 10% on the othe . If the difference

between their S.P. is Rs. 9.10. Find the C.P. of each of the two.

English My Mother Extra Questions

DAV Public School, Dwarka

Class-VIII(2016-17) Subject-English Poem-My Mother

by A.P.J.Abdul Kalam

Extra Questions

Q1.What different images flash across the poet’s mind as he thinks of his mother?

Ans. Waves of the sea, the sea-shore, the street that he lived in and the faith that as a child, he saw among the pilgrims all reminded the poet of his mother.

Q2. What does the child feel about the protection that the mother gave him?

Ans. The child felt that there was something God like in the protection that his mother gave him. Her divine love infused strength and fearlessness in him.

Q3. Why did the child have to wake up hours before sunrise?

Ans. The child’s day started very early, when he covered a long distance to go to a saintly teacher. Walking a few more miles he went to attend the Arab school. After that he distributed newspapers to earn wages. Thus he had to get up very early to cope up with all these activities, before leaving for school.

Q4. How did the mother’s piety affect her children’s life?

Ans. The mother’s piety strengthened the children. It gave them fearlessness to face the world. They grew up strong enough to face the challenges of life.

Q5. What does the line ‘We will meet again on the great Judgement Day, My Mother!’ show?

Ans. The child has a longing to see the mother. Being a devout muslim, he believes that on the great day of Judgement he will get an opportunity to see her. This line shows his love for the mother as well as deep faith in his religion.

Q6. Give examples of literary devices used in the poem.

Ans. The following literary devices have been used in the poem:

a. Simile

Example-‘You come to me like heaven’s caring arms’

b. Repetition

Example- ‘your love, your care, your faith’

Questions for Practice:

Q1. How did the child feel during the war days?

Q2. What sort of feelings did the child have for his mother?

Q3. ‘Gave me strength’.What kind of strength is the poet talking about? How does the poet get his strength?

Q4. ‘I still remember the day when I was ten’. What incident is the poet reminded of?

Q5. The poet’s childhood days were full of struggle. What did he have to do to help his family?